Missing Women, Empty Talent Pipelines, and CEO Compensation
People who read this also read:
What do the career prospects of female scientists, the general chaos of the mid-career managers’ life, the failure to adequately develop new cadres of leaders internally, and escalating CEO compensation have in common? Let me suggest that these are interrelated phenomena whose connections with one another may be poorly understood.
Let’s start with female scientists. According to a carefully done and well-researched study, American companies have an abysmal track record at retaining female scientists, technological people, and engineers as they move into mid-career. Faced with hostile workplaces, few peers, daunting working hours, and poor prospects for promotion, talented women leave in droves. Although 41% of younger scientists, engineers, and technology people are female, their numbers collapse catastrophically. Rather than whine about not having enough H1-B visas to fill technical positions, the authors suggest that a better answer might be lying right under the noses of leaders in corporate America. Were just one quarter of women drop-outs to stay in their careers, they estimate that some 220,000 talented people might be retained in the science and technology workforce in the US.
What do we conclude from all this? For technology companies, the ranks of potential leaders are depleted disproportionately of female talent.
Turning now to the chaos of mid career, Louann Brizendine makes that case that embedded career patterns also disproportionately damage the prospects of women. While all managers with the potential to reach “C Suite” positions go into overdrive in their late 30’s and 40’s, women are more likely than men to have many other commitments to honor. Among these are pre-adolescent and teenage children, who need unpredictable and varying parental attention, much of which falls to women to cope with. Sports, activities, teen issues and other distractions at home mean that a lot of women’s mental capacity is chewed up by coping. Stepping forward to take on even more responsibility at work can seem overwhelming at that point, reports Brizendine.
What happens is that women as a group in their 40’s are far less likely to push themselves forward to the next level – they have enough on their plates. Again, they vanish from the pipeline simply because the window of consideration in many companies slams shut before they are ready to take that next leap. I’ve been talking about this for years, in the context of women and men having different life cycles, while organizations are built around men’s life cycles. So again, we have a lot of women who will never be considered for more senior leadership positions, a missing group of talent.
Then, map against this exodus of talent the fact that many companies have no systematic process for managing succession and building bench depth even when it comes to men! Further, the basics of developing and retaining talent seem to escape many companies. Where does all this leave us?
• Poor track records at keeping and promoting half the qualified management talent (assuming such talent is distributed across the population)
• Poor practices for developing people
• Poor practices for developing succession plans
So where does this leave many companies? At the end of the day, forced to look outside the organization for an external CEO "saviour" because they haven’t done the hard job of developing internal talent. So how does this fit into runaway CEO Compensation?
I was recently privileged to be at a conference at which Jack Welch, the former GE CEO, was present. He observed that both the succession crisis and higher CEO pay are related, noting that McInerney (hired at 3M) got a “Brinks truck” full of extra pay. Bob Nardelli (who went to Home Depot) got two Brinks trucks. Meanwhile Jeff Immelt, who got the internal promotion got "a pat on the head and 20%." His essential argument is that CEO talent commands a huge price premium when boards haven’t done their jobs to develop people and succession plans.
Which brings me to the last bit of data that ties all this together – John Cassidy of the magazine Portfolio notes the continuing escalation of CEO compensation, today reinforced by individual employment contracts which make it "almost impossible" for a Board to fire a CEO without paying him (or her) a kings’ ransom. His solution is for Boards of Directors to grow spines and start to demand more accountability for performance.
To me, spineless Board members are hardly going to solve this situation. Rather, developing significant pools of executive talent are more likely to be the answer. Imagine hundreds of thousands of highly qualified women who remain in the workforce with the potential to join the C-suite. Imagine if every company had an intelligent way to develop its leadership talent, using on the job training, executive education and enriching feedback. Imagine, as my colleague Linda Hill from Harvard has proposed, if you could find leaders in less conventional ways than the up or out hierarchies we traditionally rely upon? Guess what – fewer companies would have to rely on expensive outsiders, there would be more talent available and the ability of a few highly regarded players to demand extraordinary compensation could be diminished. Maybe that’s a more constructive plan than hoping for Board members to exercise discipline in the midst of a frenzied bidding war.
Sign up for the Harvard Business Publishing Weekly Hotlist, a new weekly email roundup featuring the top highlights from HarvardBusiness.org.
- Comments (3)
- Join the Discussion
- Email/Share

Columbia Business School professor Rita McGrath studies innovation, corporate venturing, and entrepreneurship. She is well known for developing practical tools and frameworks to make the innovation process less risky and difficult, and to bring a dose of reality to growth programs. She works extensively with leadership teams in Global 1,000 companies. McGrath has co-authored six Harvard Business Review articles and two books: The Entrepreneurial Mindset (2000) and MarketBusters: 40 Strategic Moves that Drive Exceptional Business Growth (2005). .
Comments
Rita,
A very insightful piece and one which goes along with my own thinking as well. I have recently started a blog of my own and address leadership and women in business issues. Some of my posts that relate to your topic can be found here:
http://ninasimosko.com/blog/category/women/
One post in particular, "Oh How Far We've Come" [ http://ninasimosko.com/blog/2008/05/16/oh-how-far-weve-come ] addresses the journey that women have taken to reach the levels of achievement current in today's society and business community.
Thanks for writing your very interesting piece and I welcome your thoughts/comments on my writings on this topic.
Nina
www.ninasimosko.com
- Posted by Nina Simosko
May 29, 2008 11:55 AM
Rita,
Interesting read. I am not in corporate America, thank goodness, but as a father of a very high performing 9 year old daughter I am very concerned with this subject. I agree with your points in the life cycle of women but there are other issues as well.
The fact that many decide to quit because of other familial issues is motivated by the fact that very few will reach the top tier, regardless of sex. It is easier for a woman to quit "for her family" than a man and can avoid the grind of middle management for an entire career. In that respect, they can avoid that fate and actually have more options than men. That window is closing over time and many more will not have that option for both economic reasons(both will need to work) and societal(men will argue that they have as much right to stay at home as the woman).
Another reason, and the one I worry most about, is that most women cannot get along with each other and expend too much energy undercutting each other in vindictive ways. Consensus building is a "feminine" characteristic but it only works with other men and not with other women. I use the football analogy, that a quarterback and a wide receiver can hate each other and still work intensely together to win but women, for the most part, will not. I realize that I am over-generalizing but I ask women all the time "would you rather work with 10 men or 10 women?" and every one of them has said "10 men". I hope that, over time, that will diminish and my daughter will have a legitimate shot at the top but it will take us educating our daughters in a different manner and not to expend energy being "catty", for the lack of a better word. There has been a lot of research lately on girl on girl bullying and I have witnessed it myself and I would argue that it is far more harmful than the type men inflict on each other.
I certainly hope that I don't start a flame war but I would like some women's opinions on this.
- Posted by Johnny Mitias
June 1, 2008 11:21 PM
With respect to women and 'cattiness,' there has been some fascinating research done on the differences between how girls and boys relate that sheds some light on the issue. The author's name escapes me at the moment, but one of the things she found is that girls emphasize harmonious relations, while boys emphasize rules. It leads to the two genders often being unable to correctly interpret what is going on with the other.
I'm here at the Yale CEO Summit, and among the attendees are several very high powered, successful women. Most - no kids. It still seems that success requires total dedication. While I'm not opposed to that, it does lead one to wonder who is going to do the work of creating a viable society if the structure of incentives sucks people into the workplace, to the exclusion of other socially important activities.
- Posted by Rita McGrath
June 5, 2008 10:54 AM