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Will Vikram Pandit's Bold Move at Citi Backfire?

Vikram Pandit is a brave man. He stepped up to head Citigroup when others flinched at the thought. Then he set about streamlining and rebuilding Citi, which had been laid waste by the credit crunch and under the regime of his predecessor, Charles Prince.

With steely resolve, Pandit wrote down billions of dollars, closed scores of branches, jettisoned parts of the business, slashed jobs and cut dividends. He didn’t stop there. Next, he tapped sovereign wealth funds in Asia and the Gulf for nearly $30 billion, set up a new risk-management team, and cut the bank’s exposure to the sub-prime market.

Pandit’s latest initiative may be his boldest yet. His plan to overhaul Citi’s bonus system is an attempt to move the bank from a highly individualistic to a team culture. It is intended to cut down in-fighting among senior executives and promote co-operation across its investment banking, commercial banking, and wealth management divisions.

While other banks have reviewed their rewards systems in the wake of the credit crunch, arguably no one has gone as far as to base bonuses on the cooperation and performance of the company as a whole. Indeed, in an industry where rewards are inextricably linked to individualism and competition, this is little short of declaring war. Pandit Is said to want the system in place in time for next year’s bonuses, which is bound to stir up a hornet's nest of resistance among senior Citi executives.

Few bankers want to see their bonuses tied to businesses they cannot control, especially given the current volatile state of the industry. One online commentator in the New York Times recently wrote: “It will create even more innuendos and backstabbing by an already politically charged senior management…this will create a facade of where managers give the outward appearance of cooperation and will end up with hidden agendas and covert operations.”

So what is Pandit thinking? Is he on a groundbreaking mission to clean up Citi’s culture and make it more equable? Or is this a naïve – or reckless - attempt to change the fundamental nature of the beast? And what will be the effect on Citi in a year’s time? A more co-operative and high-performance workplace - or a wilderness of in-fighting and political intrigue?

In my experience of working with bankers, the collaborative, consensus-driven and sensitive manager is a rare creature. Where I have occasionally found them, they have been pressured to meet targets and drive results by bosses who are ruthlessly focused on the numbers. Even the banks that value soft skills and value collaboration are buckling under the current pressure.

Perhaps Pandit is a true visionary who is trying to change Citi’s culture for future generations: the checks and balances of team working will certainly curb the excesses of individual greed. But is this workable? Will this do more harm than good, given Citi’s current situation? What do you think?

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Comments

I have watched Mr Pandit carefully since he became Chief Executive Officer of Citigroup in December. Though not a banker I am in business in a modest way and am affected by the fallout of the sub-prime crisis. It is my understanding Citigroup have lost $18 billion and stand to lose the same again. In light of this Citigroup needed an analyst such as Mr Pandit and not a flamboyant leader. He has set about his task quietly. I am not qualified to say if he has been right in his plans as they are technical matters such as combining Citigroup’s consumer and wealth management divisions. To judge from the stock market’s cautious valuation of Citigroup the jury is out. I am indebted to Ms Corkindale for setting out an element of Mr Pandit’s planning that I was not aware of. This is to encourage teamwork in an industry of individualism. Though an Indian by birth Mr Pandit is not “mystical” in his approach to business. He is hard headed and realistic. Though he lives modestly he has amassed a huge fortune in banking. We can assume with safety he knows making money for themselves is one of the key motivators of bankers. He also understands successful bankers are very competitive. Can he change or amend this culture? I think I see where he is coming from. He wishes to teach his staff to think of the company as a whole and not only their own bonus cheques. If they do this they may make fewer mistakes of the sort that led to the sub-prime crisis. The downside is that banking at the cutting edge of capitalism is a complex form of gambling. Risk-taking is the oil of the free market. I do not believe Mr Pandit will succeed unless he also changes another fact of banking life. Those who make big deals should be rewarded richly. The flip of the coin is that failure should carry a penalty. In my own business I prosper if I make good decisions and am penalized if I make the wrong ones. It is the carrot and stick of many walks of life. Do other readers agree?

- Posted by shakir rahman
July 8, 2008 7:12 AM

The idea of bankers happily cooperating with each other for the greater good of Citigroup (let alone the community!) is laughable. They will resist any system linking bonus payments to their performance as team players. But all is not lost. The bank hired Mr Pandit because it was in meltdown. It must give him his head to tackle the dog eat dog and me me culture that fuelled sub prime. If staff don’t like it Mr Pandit will let them go. Such is the climate of fear in the financial sector most will do as he wishes.

- Posted by michael parsons
July 8, 2008 8:18 AM

> If staff don’t like it Mr Pandit will let them go.

Makes sense to me. Am I correct in thinking that there is a surplus of talent these days?

- Posted by Tom Haney
July 8, 2008 9:22 AM

I wonder what Vikram Pandit thought about the tens of millions of dollars in bonuses paid in March to the top executives who had led the bank into the sub prime disaster. I presume there was nothing he could do about this as he had only become CEO in December the previous year. I hope that is the case because it bodes ill for the bank and his reform plans if he approved these payments. How can the bank justify paying a vice chairman a bonus of over $8 million and a bonus of $14 million to the chief financial officer after a year that saw write offs of $20 billion and shares lost 47 per cent of their value? What does this say to staff? It says: it doesn’t matter how the bank performs because you can still make a fortune if you play the game correctly. Instead of being paid millions on top of their salaries these people should have been relieved not to be fired. In the real world people have to be competent to get paid. Mr Pandit must teach Citigroup staff that hard work, properly carried out, will be rewarded and stupidity and selfishness will have repercussions

- Posted by jason parker
July 9, 2008 7:56 AM

I wonder if there are any lessons for Citigroup in the operating methods of banks in Moslem countries. Because of local culture they must emphasise their commitment to the community in ways that banks in the West do not feel necessary. I am not saying these Moslem banks are perfect. Far from it. What is interesting is how financial institutions in the West are having to adapt so they can deal with Moslem investors and companies since so much money is now coming out of regions such as the Middle East. As someone who comes from India Mr Pandit knows that Western methods are not necessarily superior to those of other parts of the world. Perhaps he could borrow from other cultures to improve that at Citigroup.

- Posted by john khamis
July 11, 2008 7:17 AM

I dont understand why asking bankers to be a team "will create a facade of where managers give the outward appearance of cooperation and will end up with hidden agendas and covert operations.” What makes bankers so different from the rest of the working population? The rest of us would not last long in our jobs if we only thought about ourselves. Dare I suggest it is because many bankers are Alpha Males who are competitive and used to getting their own way. The challenge for Mr Pandit is to convince Citigroup's Alphas the way ahead lies in team work.

- Posted by anne richardson
July 11, 2008 2:03 PM

Good luck to Vikram Pandit but I agree with Gill Corkindale, that certain sorts of people become bankers. It is their genes to be individualists and materialists who make other business types look saintly. The guys in my class who went into banking were smart but not what you'd call socially aware. Maybe the other readers are right when they say the fear in the financial sector over cuts means people will do anything to save their jobs. Lets watch with interest.

- Posted by robert
July 12, 2008 11:23 AM

Robert's right. Citigroup bankers at the sharp end of the business are in it for the adrenalin rush and the money of course. No way can you ever get people like them to collaborate. That is not saying this is right. Bankers shifting billions around the world daily are gamblers. Except they are gamblers who never lose. Mr Pandit should deliver a culture where losing hurts.

- Posted by alexandra mackie
July 13, 2008 4:56 PM

Why are bankers subject to a disconnect between perforamnce and reward, failure and punishment? Could greater shareholder rights break this reality distortion field? Business should focus solely on maximising shareholder value, let the regulatory mechanism do its own job? Set the invisible hand free?

- Posted by amar irani
July 18, 2008 5:43 AM

In a turmoil scenario, path breaking steps are inevitable. But what is most importnat is revisting the old values such as co-operation , respect , love & affection among staff memebrs, family culture, transparency, integrity,etc to reinvent the organisation.

- Posted by CA.Bimal Bhatt
July 21, 2008 11:51 AM

I think its a step in the right direction. though its a paradigm shift in the banking industry, I think collaboration between the various arms to make the business better is a very promising strategy.

What can make this step make or break, is the way it gets administered.. it will take time. but if it succeeds , then it can be their game changer..

- Posted by Anand Munoth
July 22, 2008 3:40 PM

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About This Author

Gill CorkindaleGill Corkindale is an executive coach and writer based in London. She works with managers and leaders from Europe, Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Middle East to develop strategies for business effectiveness and personal change. Formerly management editor of the Financial Times, she uses her journalistic skills and business insights to bring a new perspective on global management and leadership.

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